major overhaul of Backend from dynamic to static dispatch using an big enum

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,9 +1,17 @@
 # Contributing
 
-Thank you for considering to contribute to `pacdef`. The recommended workflow is this:
+## General Steps
+
+Thank you for considering to contribute to `pacdef`. The recommended workflow is
+this:
 
 1. Open a github issue, mention that you would like to fix the issue in a PR.
 2. Wait for approval.
 3. Fork the repository and implement your fix / feature.
 4. Make sure your code generates no warnings, and passes `rustfmt` and `clippy`.
 5. Open the pull request.
+
+## Rust-Analyzer Issues
+
+Rust Analyzer may not work unless both the `pacutils` and `apt` packages are
+installed. On Arch that is, this may vary on other distros.

Cargo.lock

@@ -215,6 +215,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "enum_dispatch"
+version = "0.3.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "aa18ce2bc66555b3218614519ac839ddb759a7d6720732f979ef8d13be147ecd"
+dependencies = [
+ "once_cell",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "equivalent"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -395,8 +407,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
  "const_format",
+ "enum_dispatch",
  "libc",
- "pacdef_macros",
  "path-absolutize",
  "regex",
  "rstest",
@@ -409,15 +421,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "walkdir",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "pacdef_macros"
-version = "1.0.1"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "path-absolutize"
 version = "3.1.1"

Cargo.toml

@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@ categories = ["command-line-utilities"]
 rust-version = "1.74"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-pacdef_macros = { path = "crates/pacdef_macros", version = "1.0" }
+pacdef = { path = "crates/pacdef" }
-pacdef = { path = "crates/pacdef", version = "1.6" }
 
 [profile.release]
 lto = "off"

bacon.toml

@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-# This is a configuration file for the bacon tool
-#
-# Bacon repository: https://github.com/Canop/bacon
-# Complete help on configuration: https://dystroy.org/bacon/config/
-# You can also check bacon's own bacon.toml file
-#  as an example: https://github.com/Canop/bacon/blob/main/bacon.toml
-
-default_job = "check"
-
-[jobs.check]
-command = ["cargo", "check", "--color", "always", "--features", "arch"]
-need_stdout = false
-
-[jobs.check-all]
-command = [
-  "cargo",
-  "check",
-  "--all-targets",
-  "--color",
-  "always",
-  "--features",
-  "arch",
-]
-need_stdout = false
-
-[jobs.clippy]
-command = [
-  "cargo",
-  "clippy",
-  "--all-targets",
-  "--color",
-  "always",
-  "--features",
-  "arch",
-]
-need_stdout = false
-
-[jobs.test]
-command = [
-  "cargo",
-  "test",
-  "--color",
-  "always",
-  "--package",
-  "pacdef",
-  "--",
-  "--color",
-  "always",  # see https://github.com/Canop/bacon/issues/124
-]
-need_stdout = true
-
-[jobs.doc]
-command = ["cargo", "doc", "--color", "always", "--no-deps"]
-need_stdout = false
-
-# If the doc compiles, then it opens in your browser and bacon switches
-# to the previous job
-[jobs.doc-open]
-command = ["cargo", "doc", "--color", "always", "--no-deps", "--open"]
-need_stdout = false
-on_success = "back"                                                    # so that we don't open the browser at each change
-
-# You can run your application and have the result displayed in bacon,
-# *if* it makes sense for this crate. You can run an example the same
-# way. Don't forget the `--color always` part or the errors won't be
-# properly parsed.
-[jobs.run]
-command = [
-  "cargo",
-  "run",
-  "--color",
-  "always",
-  # put launch parameters for your program behind a `--` separator
-]
-need_stdout = true
-allow_warnings = true
-
-# You may define here keybindings that would be specific to
-# a project, for example a shortcut to launch a specific job.
-# Shortcuts to internal functions (scrolling, toggling, etc.)
-# should go in your personal global prefs.toml file instead.
-[keybindings]
-# alt-m = "job:my-job"

crates/pacdef/Cargo.toml

@@ -19,14 +19,13 @@ regex = { version = "1.10", default-features = false, features = ["std"] }
 termios = "0.3"
 walkdir = "2.5"
 libc = "0.2"
+enum_dispatch = "0.3"
 
 serde = "1.0"
 serde_derive = "1.0"
 serde_json = "1.0"
 serde_yaml = "0.9"
 
-pacdef_macros.workspace = true
-
 # backends
 alpm = { version = "3.0", optional = true }
 rust-apt = { version = "0.7", optional = true }

crates/pacdef/src/args/mod.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
+use self::datastructure::Arguments;
+
 mod cli;
-mod datastructure;
+pub mod datastructure;
 mod parsing;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
 
-pub use datastructure::*;
-
 /// Get and parse the CLI arguments.
 #[must_use]
 pub fn get() -> Arguments {

crates/pacdef/src/args/parsing.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-use super::datastructure::*;
+use super::datastructure::{
+    Arguments, Edit, Force, GroupAction, Groups, Noconfirm, OutputDir, PackageAction, Regex,
+};
 
 const ARGS_CONSISTENT: &str = "argument declaration and parsing must be consistent";
 
@@ -13,30 +15,28 @@ pub(super) fn parse(args: clap::ArgMatches) -> Arguments {
 }
 
 fn parse_group_args(args: &clap::ArgMatches) -> GroupAction {
-    use GroupAction::*;
-
     match args.subcommand() {
-        Some(("edit", args)) => Edit(get_groups(args)),
+        Some(("edit", args)) => GroupAction::Edit(get_groups(args)),
-        Some(("export", args)) => Export(get_groups(args), get_output_dir(args), get_force(args)),
+        Some(("export", args)) => {
-        Some(("import", args)) => Import(get_groups(args)),
+            GroupAction::Export(get_groups(args), get_output_dir(args), get_force(args))
-        Some(("list", _)) => List,
+        }
-        Some(("new", args)) => New(get_groups(args), get_edit(args)),
+        Some(("import", args)) => GroupAction::Import(get_groups(args)),
-        Some(("remove", args)) => Remove(get_groups(args)),
+        Some(("list", _)) => GroupAction::List,
-        Some(("show", args)) => Show(get_groups(args)),
+        Some(("new", args)) => GroupAction::New(get_groups(args), get_edit(args)),
+        Some(("remove", args)) => GroupAction::Remove(get_groups(args)),
+        Some(("show", args)) => GroupAction::Show(get_groups(args)),
         Some(value) => panic!("group subcommand was not matched: {value:?}"),
         None => unreachable!("prevented by clap"),
     }
 }
 
 fn parse_package_args(args: &clap::ArgMatches) -> PackageAction {
-    use PackageAction::*;
-
     match args.subcommand() {
-        Some(("clean", args)) => Clean(get_noconfirm(args)),
+        Some(("clean", args)) => PackageAction::Clean(get_noconfirm(args)),
-        Some(("review", _)) => Review,
+        Some(("review", _)) => PackageAction::Review,
-        Some(("search", args)) => Search(get_regex(args)),
+        Some(("search", args)) => PackageAction::Search(get_regex(args)),
-        Some(("sync", args)) => Sync(get_noconfirm(args)),
+        Some(("sync", args)) => PackageAction::Sync(get_noconfirm(args)),
-        Some(("unmanaged", _)) => Unmanaged,
+        Some(("unmanaged", _)) => PackageAction::Unmanaged,
         Some(value) => panic!("package subcommand was not matched: {value:?}"),
         None => unreachable!("prevented by clap"),
     }

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/arch.rs

@@ -12,9 +12,23 @@ use crate::{Group, Package};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Arch {
-    pub(crate) binary: String,
+    pub binary: String,
-    pub(crate) aur_rm_args: Vec<String>,
+    pub aur_rm_args: Vec<String>,
-    pub(crate) packages: HashSet<Package>,
+    pub packages: HashSet<Package>,
+}
+impl Arch {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            binary: BINARY.to_string(),
+            aur_rm_args: vec![],
+            packages: HashSet::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Default for Arch {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
 }
 
 const BINARY: Text = "pacman";
@@ -117,13 +131,3 @@ fn convert_to_pacdef_packages(packages: HashSet<String>) -> HashSet<Package> {
 fn get_db_handle() -> Result<Alpm> {
     Alpm::new("/", "/var/lib/pacman").context("connecting to DB using expected default values")
 }
-
-impl Arch {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            binary: BINARY.to_string(),
-            aur_rm_args: vec![],
-            packages: HashSet::new(),
-        }
-    }
-}

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/debian.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,19 @@ use crate::{Group, Package};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Debian {
-    pub(crate) packages: HashSet<Package>,
+    pub packages: HashSet<Package>,
+}
+impl Debian {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            packages: HashSet::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Default for Debian {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
 }
 
 const BINARY: Text = "apt";
@@ -94,11 +106,3 @@ impl Backend for Debian {
         run_external_command(cmd)
     }
 }
-
-impl Debian {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            packages: HashSet::new(),
-        }
-    }
-}

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/fedora.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,19 @@ use crate::{Group, Package};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Fedora {
-    pub(crate) packages: HashSet<Package>,
+    pub packages: HashSet<Package>,
+}
+impl Fedora {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            packages: HashSet::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Default for Fedora {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
 }
 
 const BINARY: Text = "dnf";
@@ -123,14 +135,6 @@ impl Backend for Fedora {
     }
 }
 
-impl Fedora {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            packages: HashSet::new(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 fn create_package(package: &str) -> Package {
     if DEFAULT_REPOS.iter().any(|repo| package.contains(repo)) && !package.contains("copr") {
         let package = package.split('/').nth(1).expect("Cannot be empty!");

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/flatpak.rs

@@ -10,8 +10,46 @@ use crate::{Group, Package};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Flatpak {
-    pub(crate) packages: HashSet<Package>,
+    pub packages: HashSet<Package>,
-    pub(crate) systemwide: bool,
+    pub systemwide: bool,
+}
+impl Flatpak {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            packages: HashSet::new(),
+            systemwide: true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_switches_runtime(&self) -> Switches {
+        if self.systemwide {
+            &[]
+        } else {
+            &["--user"]
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_installed_packages(&self, include_implicit: bool) -> Result<HashSet<Package>> {
+        let mut cmd = Command::new(BINARY);
+        cmd.args(["list", "--columns=application"]);
+        if !include_implicit {
+            cmd.arg("--app");
+        }
+        if !self.systemwide {
+            cmd.arg("--user");
+        }
+
+        let output = String::from_utf8(cmd.output()?.stdout)?;
+        Ok(output
+            .lines()
+            .map(Package::from)
+            .collect::<HashSet<Package>>())
+    }
+}
+impl Default for Flatpak {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
 }
 
 const BINARY: Text = "flatpak";
@@ -84,37 +122,3 @@ impl Backend for Flatpak {
         run_external_command(cmd)
     }
 }
-
-impl Flatpak {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            packages: HashSet::new(),
-            systemwide: true,
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_switches_runtime(&self) -> Switches {
-        if self.systemwide {
-            &[]
-        } else {
-            &["--user"]
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_installed_packages(&self, include_implicit: bool) -> Result<HashSet<Package>> {
-        let mut cmd = Command::new(BINARY);
-        cmd.args(["list", "--columns=application"]);
-        if !include_implicit {
-            cmd.arg("--app");
-        }
-        if !self.systemwide {
-            cmd.arg("--user");
-        }
-
-        let output = String::from_utf8(cmd.output()?.stdout)?;
-        Ok(output
-            .lines()
-            .map(Package::from)
-            .collect::<HashSet<Package>>())
-    }
-}

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/python.rs

@@ -9,10 +9,52 @@ use crate::backend::backend_trait::{Backend, Switches, Text};
 use crate::backend::macros::impl_backend_constants;
 use crate::{Group, Package};
 
+macro_rules! ERROR{
+    ($bin:expr) => {
+        panic!("Cannot use {} for package management in python. Please use a valid package manager like pip or pipx.", $bin)
+    };
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Python {
-    pub(crate) binary: String,
+    pub binary: String,
-    pub(crate) packages: HashSet<Package>,
+    pub packages: HashSet<Package>,
+}
+impl Python {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            binary: BINARY.to_string(),
+            packages: HashSet::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_switches_runtime(&self) -> Switches {
+        match self.get_binary() {
+            "pip" => &["list", "--format", "json", "--not-required", "--user"],
+            "pipx" => &["list", "--json"],
+            _ => ERROR!(self.get_binary()),
+        }
+    }
+    fn get_switches_explicit(&self) -> Switches {
+        match self.get_binary() {
+            "pip" => &["list", "--format", "json", "--user"],
+            "pipx" => &["list", "--json"],
+            _ => ERROR!(self.get_binary()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn extract_packages(&self, output: Value) -> Result<HashSet<Package>> {
+        match self.get_binary() {
+            "pip" => extract_pacdef_packages(output),
+            "pipx" => extract_pacdef_packages_pipx(output),
+            _ => ERROR!(self.get_binary()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Default for Python {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
 }
 
 const BINARY: Text = "pip";
@@ -26,12 +68,6 @@ const SWITCHES_REMOVE: Switches = &["uninstall"];
 
 const SUPPORTS_AS_DEPENDENCY: bool = false;
 
-macro_rules!  ERROR{
-    ($bin:expr) => {
-        panic!("Cannot use {} for package management in python. Please use a valid package manager like pip or pipx.", $bin)
-    };
-}
-
 impl Backend for Python {
     impl_backend_constants!();
 
@@ -64,38 +100,6 @@ fn run_pip_command(cmd: &mut Command, args: &[&str]) -> Result<Value> {
     Ok(val)
 }
 
-impl Python {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            binary: BINARY.to_string(),
-            packages: HashSet::new(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_switches_runtime(&self) -> Switches {
-        match self.get_binary() {
-            "pip" => &["list", "--format", "json", "--not-required", "--user"],
-            "pipx" => &["list", "--json"],
-            _ => ERROR!(self.get_binary()),
-        }
-    }
-    fn get_switches_explicit(&self) -> Switches {
-        match self.get_binary() {
-            "pip" => &["list", "--format", "json", "--user"],
-            "pipx" => &["list", "--json"],
-            _ => ERROR!(self.get_binary()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn extract_packages(&self, output: Value) -> Result<HashSet<Package>> {
-        match self.get_binary() {
-            "pip" => extract_pacdef_packages(output),
-            "pipx" => extract_pacdef_packages_pipx(output),
-            _ => ERROR!(self.get_binary()),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 fn extract_pacdef_packages(value: Value) -> Result<HashSet<Package>> {
     let result = value
         .as_array()

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/rust.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,19 @@ use crate::{Group, Package};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Rust {
-    pub(crate) packages: HashSet<Package>,
+    pub packages: HashSet<Package>,
+}
+impl Rust {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            packages: HashSet::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Default for Rust {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
 }
 
 const BINARY: Text = "cargo";
@@ -76,14 +88,6 @@ fn extract_packages(json: &Value) -> Result<HashSet<Package>> {
     Ok(result)
 }
 
-impl Rust {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            packages: HashSet::new(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 fn get_crates_file() -> Result<PathBuf> {
     let mut result = crate::path::get_cargo_home().context("getting cargo home dir")?;
     result.push(".crates2.json");

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/rustup/mod.rs

@@ -12,9 +12,25 @@ use std::process::Command;
 use self::helpers::{
     group_components_by_toolchains, install_components, toolchain_of_component_was_already_removed,
 };
-pub use self::types::Rustup;
 use self::types::{Repotype, RustupPackage};
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct Rustup {
+    pub packages: HashSet<Package>,
+}
+impl Rustup {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            packages: HashSet::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Default for Rustup {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
 const BINARY: Text = "rustup";
 const SECTION: Text = "rustup";
 

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/rustup/types.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,7 @@
 use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
-use std::collections::HashSet;
 
 use crate::{backend::backend_trait::Switches, Package};
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct Rustup {
-    pub(crate) packages: HashSet<Package>,
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum Repotype {
     Toolchain,
@@ -28,14 +22,6 @@ pub struct RustupPackage {
     pub component: Option<String>,
 }
 
-impl Rustup {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            packages: HashSet::new(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 impl Repotype {
     fn try_from<T>(value: T) -> Result<Self>
     where

crates/pacdef/src/backend/actual/void.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,19 @@ use crate::{Group, Package};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Void {
-    pub(crate) packages: HashSet<Package>,
+    pub packages: HashSet<Package>,
+}
+impl Void {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            packages: HashSet::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Default for Void {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
 }
 
 const BINARY: Text = "xbps-install";
@@ -124,11 +136,3 @@ impl Backend for Void {
         run_external_command(cmd)
     }
 }
-
-impl Void {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            packages: HashSet::new(),
-        }
-    }
-}

crates/pacdef/src/backend/backend_trait.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
-use std::any::Any;
 use std::cmp::{Eq, Ord};
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
-use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::hash::Hash;
 use std::process::Command;
 use std::rc::Rc;
@@ -11,11 +9,12 @@ use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use crate::cmd::run_external_command;
 use crate::{Group, Package};
 
-pub(in crate::backend) type Switches = &'static [&'static str];
+pub type Switches = &'static [&'static str];
-pub(in crate::backend) type Text = &'static str;
+pub type Text = &'static str;
 
 /// The trait of a struct that is used as a backend.
-pub trait Backend: Debug {
+#[enum_dispatch::enum_dispatch]
+pub trait Backend {
     /// Return the actual binary. Iff the backend supports different
     /// binaries, you will need to overwrite this implementation to return
     /// the binary that was loaded at runtime. See
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ pub trait Backend: Debug {
 
     /// Get CLI switches for the package manager to mark packages as
     /// dependency. This is not supported by all package managers. See
-    /// [`Backend::supports_as_dependency`].
+    /// [`Backend::supports_as_dependency()`].
     fn get_switches_make_dependency(&self) -> Switches;
 
     /// Load all packages from a set of groups. The backend will visit all groups,
@@ -174,9 +173,6 @@ pub trait Backend: Debug {
         Ok(diff)
     }
 
-    /// Return a mutable reference to self as `Any`. Required for downcasting.
-    fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any;
-
     /// Whether the underlying package manager supports dependency packages.
     fn supports_as_dependency(&self) -> bool;
 }

crates/pacdef/src/backend/iter.rs

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-use super::{Backend, Backends};
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct BackendIter {
-    pub(crate) next: Option<Backends>,
-}
-
-impl Iterator for BackendIter {
-    type Item = Box<dyn Backend>;
-
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
-        match &self.next {
-            None => None,
-            Some(b) => {
-                let result = b.get_backend();
-                self.next = b.next();
-                Some(result)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}

crates/pacdef/src/backend/macros.rs

@@ -47,10 +47,6 @@ macro_rules! impl_backend_constants {
                 })
         }
 
-        fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn std::any::Any {
-            self
-        }
-
         fn supports_as_dependency(&self) -> bool {
             SUPPORTS_AS_DEPENDENCY
         }

crates/pacdef/src/backend/mod.rs

@@ -1,26 +1,52 @@
-mod actual;
+pub mod actual;
-mod backend_trait;
+pub mod backend_trait;
-mod iter;
+pub mod macros;
-mod macros;
 mod root;
-mod todo_per_backend;
+pub mod todo_per_backend;
 
-pub use backend_trait::Backend;
+use crate::backend::backend_trait::Switches;
-pub use iter::BackendIter;
+use crate::backend::backend_trait::Text;
-pub use todo_per_backend::ToDoPerBackend;
+use crate::Group;
+use crate::Package;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use backend_trait::Backend;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::rc::Rc;
 
-use pacdef_macros::Register;
+use self::actual::{
+    fedora::Fedora, flatpak::Flatpak, python::Python, rust::Rust, rustup::Rustup, void::Void,
+};
 
-#[derive(Debug, Register)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
-pub enum Backends {
+#[enum_dispatch::enum_dispatch(Backend)]
+pub enum AnyBackend {
     #[cfg(feature = "arch")]
-    Arch,
+    Arch(actual::arch::Arch),
     #[cfg(feature = "debian")]
-    Debian,
+    Debian(actual::debian::Debian),
-    Flatpak,
+    Flatpak(Flatpak),
-    Fedora,
+    Fedora(Fedora),
-    Python,
+    Python(Python),
-    Rust,
+    Rust(Rust),
-    Rustup,
+    Rustup(Rustup),
-    Void,
+    Void(Void),
+}
+
+impl AnyBackend {
+    /// Returns an iterator of every variant of backend.
+    pub fn iter() -> impl Iterator<Item = Self> {
+        vec![
+            #[cfg(feature = "arch")]
+            Self::Arch(actual::arch::Arch::new()),
+            #[cfg(feature = "debian")]
+            Self::Debian(actual::debian::Debian::new()),
+            Self::Flatpak(Flatpak::new()),
+            Self::Fedora(Fedora::new()),
+            Self::Python(Python::new()),
+            Self::Rust(Rust::new()),
+            Self::Rustup(Rustup::new()),
+            Self::Void(Void::new()),
+        ]
+        .into_iter()
+    }
 }

crates/pacdef/src/backend/todo_per_backend.rs

@@ -2,63 +2,60 @@ use std::fmt::Write;
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 
-use super::Backend;
+use super::{AnyBackend, Backend};
 use crate::Package;
 
-/// A vector of tuples containing a `dyn Backend` and a vector of unmanaged packages
+/// A vector of tuples containing a Backends and a vector of unmanaged packages
 /// for that backend.
 ///
 /// This struct is used to store a list of unmanaged packages or missing packages
 /// for all backends.
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct ToDoPerBackend(Vec<(Box<dyn Backend>, Vec<Package>)>);
+pub struct ToDoPerBackend(Vec<(AnyBackend, Vec<Package>)>);
-
 impl ToDoPerBackend {
-    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
         Self(vec![])
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn push(&mut self, item: (Box<dyn Backend>, Vec<Package>)) {
+    pub fn push(&mut self, item: (AnyBackend, Vec<Package>)) {
         self.0.push(item);
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn into_iter(self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (Box<dyn Backend>, Vec<Package>)> {
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &(AnyBackend, Vec<Package>)> {
-        self.0.into_iter()
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &(Box<dyn Backend>, Vec<Package>)> {
         self.0.iter()
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn nothing_to_do_for_all_backends(&self) -> bool {
+    pub fn nothing_to_do_for_all_backends(&self) -> bool {
         self.0.iter().all(|(_, diff)| diff.is_empty())
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn install_missing_packages(&self, noconfirm: bool) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn install_missing_packages(&self, noconfirm: bool) -> Result<()> {
         for (backend, packages) in &self.0 {
             if packages.is_empty() {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            Backend::install_packages(&**backend, packages, noconfirm)
+            backend
+                .install_packages(packages, noconfirm)
                 .with_context(|| format!("installing packages for {}", backend.get_section()))?;
         }
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn remove_unmanaged_packages(&self, noconfirm: bool) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn remove_unmanaged_packages(&self, noconfirm: bool) -> Result<()> {
         for (backend, packages) in &self.0 {
             if packages.is_empty() {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            Backend::remove_packages(&**backend, packages, noconfirm)
+            backend
+                .remove_packages(packages, noconfirm)
                 .with_context(|| format!("removing packages for {}", backend.get_section()))?;
         }
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn show(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn show(&self) -> Result<()> {
         let mut parts = vec![];
 
         for (backend, packages) in self.iter() {
@@ -91,3 +88,18 @@ impl ToDoPerBackend {
         Ok(())
     }
 }
+impl Default for ToDoPerBackend {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+impl IntoIterator for ToDoPerBackend {
+    type Item = (AnyBackend, Vec<Package>);
+
+    type IntoIter = std::vec::IntoIter<Self::Item>;
+
+    fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter {
+        self.0.into_iter()
+    }
+}

crates/pacdef/src/core.rs

@@ -7,8 +7,12 @@ use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use anyhow::{bail, ensure, Context, Result};
 use const_format::formatcp;
 
-use crate::args::{self, PackageAction};
+use crate::args::datastructure::{
-use crate::backend::{Backend, Backends, ToDoPerBackend};
+    Arguments, Edit, Force, GroupAction, Groups, Noconfirm, OutputDir, PackageAction, Regex,
+};
+use crate::backend::backend_trait::Backend;
+use crate::backend::todo_per_backend::ToDoPerBackend;
+use crate::backend::AnyBackend;
 use crate::cmd::run_edit_command;
 use crate::env::should_print_debug_info;
 use crate::path::{binary_in_path, get_absolutized_file_paths, get_group_dir};
@@ -21,7 +25,7 @@ use crate::{review, Error};
 /// Most data that is required during runtime of the program.
 pub struct Pacdef {
     /// The command line arguments. Is an `Option` so that we can take ownership later without cloning.
-    args: Option<args::Arguments>,
+    args: Option<Arguments>,
     /// The config of the program.
     config: Config,
     /// The hashset of all groups.
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@ impl Pacdef {
     /// Creates a new [`Pacdef`]. `config` should be passed from [`Config::load`], and `args` from
     /// [`args::get`].
     #[must_use]
-    pub const fn new(args: args::Arguments, config: Config, groups: HashSet<Group>) -> Self {
+    pub const fn new(args: Arguments, config: Config, groups: HashSet<Group>) -> Self {
         Self {
             args: Some(args),
             config,
@@ -52,47 +56,46 @@ impl Pacdef {
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if the `args` field is `None`.
-    #[allow(clippy::unit_arg)]
     pub fn run_action_from_arg(mut self) -> Result<()> {
         match self
             .args
             .take()
             .expect("if there were no args we would not get to here")
         {
-            args::Arguments::Group(group_args) => self.run_group_subcommand(&group_args),
+            Arguments::Group(group_args) => self.run_group_subcommand(&group_args),
-            args::Arguments::Package(package_args) => self.run_package_subcommand(&package_args),
+            Arguments::Package(package_args) => self.run_package_subcommand(&package_args),
-            args::Arguments::Version => Ok(self.show_version()),
+            Arguments::Version => {
+                self.show_version();
+
+                Ok(())
+            }
         }
     }
 
-    fn run_group_subcommand(self, args: &args::GroupAction) -> Result<()> {
+    fn run_group_subcommand(self, args: &GroupAction) -> Result<()> {
-        use args::GroupAction::*;
-
         match args {
-            Edit(args::Groups(groups)) => self.edit_groups(groups),
+            GroupAction::Edit(Groups(groups)) => self.edit_groups(groups),
-            Export(args::Groups(groups), args::OutputDir(dir), args::Force(force)) => {
+            GroupAction::Export(Groups(groups), OutputDir(dir), Force(force)) => {
                 self.export_groups(groups, dir.as_ref(), *force)
             }
-            Import(args::Groups(groups)) => self.import_groups(groups),
+            GroupAction::Import(Groups(groups)) => self.import_groups(groups),
-            List => self.show_groups(),
+            GroupAction::List => self.show_groups(),
-            New(args::Groups(groups), args::Edit(edit)) => self.new_groups(groups, *edit),
+            GroupAction::New(Groups(groups), Edit(edit)) => self.new_groups(groups, *edit),
-            Remove(args::Groups(groups)) => self.remove_groups(groups),
+            GroupAction::Remove(Groups(groups)) => self.remove_groups(groups),
-            Show(args::Groups(groups)) => self.show_group_content(groups),
+            GroupAction::Show(Groups(groups)) => self.show_group_content(groups),
         }
     }
 
     fn run_package_subcommand(mut self, args: &PackageAction) -> Result<()> {
-        use args::PackageAction::*;
-
         match args {
-            Clean(args::Noconfirm(noconfirm)) => self.clean_packages(*noconfirm),
+            PackageAction::Clean(Noconfirm(noconfirm)) => self.clean_packages(*noconfirm),
-            Review => review::review(self.get_unmanaged_packages()?, self.groups),
+            PackageAction::Review => review::review(self.get_unmanaged_packages()?, self.groups),
-            Search(args::Regex(regex)) => {
+            PackageAction::Search(Regex(regex)) => {
                 self.warn_about_groups_that_arent_symlinks();
                 search::search_packages(regex, &self.groups)
             }
-            Sync(args::Noconfirm(noconfirm)) => self.install_packages(*noconfirm),
+            PackageAction::Sync(Noconfirm(noconfirm)) => self.install_packages(*noconfirm),
-            Unmanaged => self.show_unmanaged_packages(),
+            PackageAction::Unmanaged => self.show_unmanaged_packages(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ impl Pacdef {
             eprintln!("WARNING: no group files found");
         }
 
-        for mut backend in Backends::iter() {
+        for mut backend in AnyBackend::iter() {
             if self
                 .config
                 .disabled_backends
@@ -116,39 +119,33 @@ impl Pacdef {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            self.overwrite_values_from_config(&mut *backend);
+            self.overwrite_values_from_config(&mut backend);
             backend.load(&self.groups);
 
             match backend.get_missing_packages_sorted() {
                 Ok(diff) => to_install.push((backend, diff)),
-                Err(error) => show_backend_query_error(&error, &*backend),
+                Err(error) => show_backend_query_error(&error, &backend),
             };
         }
 
         Ok(to_install)
     }
 
-    fn overwrite_values_from_config(&mut self, backend: &mut dyn Backend) {
+    fn overwrite_values_from_config(&mut self, backend: &mut AnyBackend) {
         #[cfg(feature = "arch")]
         {
-            if let Some(arch) = backend.as_any_mut().downcast_mut::<crate::backend::Arch>() {
+            if let AnyBackend::Arch(arch) = backend {
-                arch.binary = self.config.aur_helper.clone();
+                arch.binary.clone_from(&self.config.aur_helper);
-                arch.aur_rm_args = self.config.aur_rm_args.clone();
+                arch.aur_rm_args.clone_from(&self.config.aur_rm_args);
             }
         }
 
-        if let Some(flatpak) = backend
+        if let AnyBackend::Flatpak(flatpak) = backend {
-            .as_any_mut()
-            .downcast_mut::<crate::backend::Flatpak>()
-        {
             flatpak.systemwide = self.config.flatpak_systemwide;
         }
 
-        if let Some(python) = backend
+        if let AnyBackend::Python(python) = backend {
-            .as_any_mut()
+            python.binary.clone_from(&self.config.pip_binary);
-            .downcast_mut::<crate::backend::Python>()
-        {
-            python.binary = self.config.pip_binary.clone();
         }
     }
 
@@ -204,7 +201,6 @@ impl Pacdef {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[allow(clippy::unused_self)]
     fn show_version(self) {
         println!("{}", get_name_and_version());
     }
@@ -237,7 +233,7 @@ impl Pacdef {
 
         let mut result = ToDoPerBackend::new();
 
-        for mut backend in Backends::iter() {
+        for mut backend in AnyBackend::iter() {
             if self
                 .config
                 .disabled_backends
@@ -250,12 +246,12 @@ impl Pacdef {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            self.overwrite_values_from_config(&mut *backend);
+            self.overwrite_values_from_config(&mut backend);
             backend.load(&self.groups);
 
             match backend.get_unmanaged_packages_sorted() {
                 Ok(unmanaged) => result.push((backend, unmanaged)),
-                Err(error) => show_backend_query_error(&error, &*backend),
+                Err(error) => show_backend_query_error(&error, &backend),
             };
         }
         Ok(result)
@@ -265,7 +261,6 @@ impl Pacdef {
     ///
     /// This methods cannot return an error. It returns a `Result` to be consistent
     /// with other methods.
-    #[allow(clippy::unnecessary_wraps)]
     fn show_groups(self) -> Result<()> {
         self.warn_about_groups_that_arent_symlinks();
 
@@ -354,7 +349,6 @@ impl Pacdef {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    #[allow(clippy::unused_self)]
     fn import_groups(&self, file_names: &[String]) -> Result<()> {
         let files = get_absolutized_file_paths(file_names)?;
         let groups_dir = get_group_dir()?;
@@ -410,7 +404,6 @@ impl Pacdef {
     /// - a group with the same name already exists,
     /// - the editor cannot be run, or
     /// - if we do not have permission to write to the group dir.
-    #[allow(clippy::unused_self)]
     fn new_groups(&self, new_groups: &[String], edit: bool) -> Result<()> {
         let group_path = get_group_dir()?;
 
@@ -585,8 +578,7 @@ fn find_groups_by_name<'a>(names: &[String], groups: &'a HashSet<Group>) -> Resu
 
 /// Show the error chain for an error that has occurred when a backend was queried
 /// if the `RUST_BACKTRACE` env variable is set to `1` or `full`.
-#[allow(clippy::option_if_let_else)]
+fn show_backend_query_error(error: &anyhow::Error, backend: &AnyBackend) {
-fn show_backend_query_error(error: &anyhow::Error, backend: &dyn Backend) {
     let section = backend.get_section();
     if should_print_debug_info() {
         eprintln!("WARNING: skipping backend '{section}':");
@@ -628,7 +620,7 @@ pub const fn get_version_string() -> &'static str {
 /// Get a vector with the names of all backends, sorted alphabetically.
 fn get_included_backends() -> Vec<&'static str> {
     let mut result = vec![];
-    for backend in Backends::iter() {
+    for backend in AnyBackend::iter() {
         result.push(backend.get_section());
     }
     result.sort_unstable();

crates/pacdef/src/grouping/group.rs

@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ use super::{Package, Section};
 pub struct Group {
     /// Name of the group (file name from which it was read, relative to the group
     /// base dir).
-    pub(crate) name: String,
+    pub name: String,
     /// The sections in the file which in turn hold the packages.
-    pub(crate) sections: HashSet<Section>,
+    pub sections: HashSet<Section>,
     /// The absolute path of the original file.
-    pub(crate) path: PathBuf,
+    pub path: PathBuf,
     /// Whether the main program should warn this group being loaded from a symlink.
-    pub(crate) warn_symlink: bool,
+    pub warn_symlink: bool,
 }
 
 impl Group {
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ impl Group {
     ///
     /// This function returns an error if the group file cannot be read, or if the
     /// file cannot be written to.
-    pub(crate) fn save_packages(&self, section_header: &str, packages: &[Package]) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn save_packages(&self, section_header: &str, packages: &[Package]) -> Result<()> {
         let mut content = read_to_string(&self.path)
             .with_context(|| format!("reading existing file contents from {:?}", &self.path))?;
 

crates/pacdef/src/grouping/mod.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ one (strictly spoken zero) or more [`Package`]s. On start-up `pacdef` will load
 all groups using [`Group::load`], which in turn will get all packages from all
 sections.
 */
+
 mod group;
 mod package;
 mod section;

crates/pacdef/src/grouping/package.rs

@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ use std::hash::Hash;
 /// optionally a `repo`.
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Clone)]
 pub struct Package {
-    pub(crate) name: String,
+    /// The name of the package
-    pub(crate) repo: Option<String>,
+    pub name: String,
+    /// Optionally, which repository the package belongs to
+    pub repo: Option<String>,
 }
 
 fn remove_comment_and_trim_whitespace(s: &str) -> &str {
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ impl Package {
     /// Try to parse a string (from a line in a group file) and return a package.
     /// From the string, any possible comment is removed and whitespace is trimmed.
     /// Returns `None` if there is nothing left after trimming.
-    pub(crate) fn try_from<S>(s: S) -> Option<Self>
+    pub fn try_from<S>(s: S) -> Option<Self>
     where
         S: AsRef<str>,
     {
@@ -116,11 +118,10 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(repo, None);
     }
 
-    #[allow(clippy::unwrap_used)]
     #[test]
     fn from() {
         let x = "myrepo/somepackage  #  ".to_string();
-        let p = Package::try_from(x).unwrap();
+        let p = Package::try_from(x).expect("this should be a valid package line");
         assert_eq!(p.name, "somepackage");
         assert_eq!(p.repo, Some("myrepo".to_string()));
     }

crates/pacdef/src/grouping/section.rs

@@ -14,13 +14,11 @@ pub struct Section {
 }
 
 impl Section {
-    pub(crate) fn new(name: String, packages: HashSet<Package>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(name: String, packages: HashSet<Package>) -> Self {
         Self { name, packages }
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn try_from_lines<'a>(
+    pub fn try_from_lines<'a>(iter: &mut Peekable<impl Iterator<Item = &'a str>>) -> Result<Self> {
-        iter: &mut Peekable<impl Iterator<Item = &'a str>>,
-    ) -> Result<Self> {
         let name = find_next_section_name(iter)?;
 
         let mut packages = HashSet::new();

crates/pacdef/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-/*!
+//! This library contains all logic that happens in `pacdef`.
-This library contains all logic that happens in `pacdef` under the hood.
-*/
 
 #![warn(
     clippy::as_conversions,
@@ -23,7 +21,7 @@ This library contains all logic that happens in `pacdef` under the hood.
 )]
 
 mod args;
-mod backend;
+pub(crate) mod backend;
 mod cmd;
 mod config;
 mod core;
@@ -40,6 +38,4 @@ pub use crate::config::Config;
 pub use crate::core::Pacdef;
 pub use crate::errors::Error;
 pub use crate::grouping::Group;
-pub(crate) use crate::grouping::Package;
+pub use crate::grouping::Package;
-
-extern crate pacdef_macros;

crates/pacdef/src/main.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-/*!
+//! Main program for `pacdef`.
-Main program for `pacdef`.
-*/
 
 #![warn(
     clippy::as_conversions,

crates/pacdef/src/path.rs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ pub fn get_group_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
 /// # Errors
 ///
 /// This function will return an error if `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` cannot be determined.
-pub(crate) fn get_pacdef_base_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
+pub fn get_pacdef_base_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
     let mut dir = get_xdg_config_home().context("getting XDG_CONFIG_HOME")?;
     dir.push("pacdef");
     Ok(dir)
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pub(crate) fn get_pacdef_base_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
 ///
 /// This function will return an error if neither the `$CARGO_HOME` nor
 /// the `$HOME` environment variables are set.
-pub(crate) fn get_cargo_home() -> Result<PathBuf> {
+pub fn get_cargo_home() -> Result<PathBuf> {
     if let Ok(config) = env::var("CARGO_HOME") {
         Ok(config.into())
     } else {
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ fn get_xdg_config_home() -> Result<PathBuf> {
 /// # Errors
 ///
 /// This function will return an error if the `$HOME` variable is not set.
-pub(crate) fn get_home_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
+pub fn get_home_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
     Ok(env::var("HOME").context("getting $HOME variable")?.into())
 }
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ pub fn get_config_path_old_version() -> Result<PathBuf> {
 /// # Errors
 ///
 /// This function returns an error if `$PATH` is not set.
-pub(crate) fn binary_in_path(name: &str) -> Result<bool> {
+pub fn binary_in_path(name: &str) -> Result<bool> {
     let paths = env::var_os("PATH").context("getting $PATH")?;
     for dir in env::split_paths(&paths) {
         let full_path = dir.join(name);
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ pub(crate) fn binary_in_path(name: &str) -> Result<bool> {
 ///
 /// Panics if at least one element in `base_path` does not match the corresponding
 /// element in `full_path`.
-pub(crate) fn get_relative_path<P>(full_path: P, base_path: P) -> PathBuf
+pub fn get_relative_path<P>(full_path: P, base_path: P) -> PathBuf
 where
     P: AsRef<Path>,
 {
@@ -138,7 +138,11 @@ where
 }
 
 /// For each file argument, return the absolute path to the file.
-pub(crate) fn get_absolutized_file_paths(arg_match: &[String]) -> Result<Vec<PathBuf>> {
+///
+/// # Errors
+///
+/// Returns an error if any of the files cannot be absolutized.
+pub fn get_absolutized_file_paths(arg_match: &[String]) -> Result<Vec<PathBuf>> {
     let mut result = vec![];
 
     for item in arg_match {

crates/pacdef/src/review/datastructures.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
-use crate::backend::Backend;
+use crate::{backend::AnyBackend, Group, Package};
-use crate::{Group, Package};
 
 use super::strategy::Strategy;
 
@@ -26,7 +25,7 @@ pub(super) enum ReviewIntention {
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct ReviewsPerBackend {
-    items: Vec<(Box<dyn Backend>, Vec<ReviewAction>)>,
+    items: Vec<(AnyBackend, Vec<ReviewAction>)>,
 }
 
 impl ReviewsPerBackend {
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ impl ReviewsPerBackend {
         self.items.iter().all(|(_, vec)| vec.is_empty())
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn push(&mut self, value: (Box<dyn Backend>, Vec<ReviewAction>)) {
+    pub(super) fn push(&mut self, value: (AnyBackend, Vec<ReviewAction>)) {
         self.items.push(value);
     }
 
@@ -77,9 +76,9 @@ impl ReviewsPerBackend {
 }
 
 impl IntoIterator for ReviewsPerBackend {
-    type Item = (Box<dyn Backend>, Vec<ReviewAction>);
+    type Item = (AnyBackend, Vec<ReviewAction>);
 
-    type IntoIter = std::vec::IntoIter<(Box<dyn Backend>, Vec<ReviewAction>)>;
+    type IntoIter = std::vec::IntoIter<(AnyBackend, Vec<ReviewAction>)>;
 
     fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter {
         self.items.into_iter()

crates/pacdef/src/review/mod.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use anyhow::Result;
 
-use crate::backend::{Backend, ToDoPerBackend};
+use crate::backend::backend_trait::Backend;
+use crate::backend::todo_per_backend::ToDoPerBackend;
 use crate::ui::{get_user_confirmation, read_single_char_from_terminal};
 use crate::{Group, Package};
 
@@ -27,11 +28,11 @@ pub fn review(
         return Ok(());
     }
 
-    'outer: for (backend, packages) in todo_per_backend.into_iter() {
+    'outer: for (backend, packages) in todo_per_backend {
         let mut actions = vec![];
         for package in packages {
             println!("{}: {package}", backend.get_section());
-            match get_action_for_package(package, &groups, &mut actions, &*backend)? {
+            match get_action_for_package(package, &groups, &mut actions, &backend)? {
                 ContinueWithReview::Yes => continue,
                 ContinueWithReview::No => return Ok(()),
                 ContinueWithReview::NoAndApply => {
@@ -161,9 +162,8 @@ fn print_enumerated_groups(groups: &[Rc<Group>]) {
     }
 }
 
-#[allow(clippy::as_conversions)] // this cannot introduce errors for any reasonably sized numbers.
 fn get_amount_of_digits_for_number(number: usize) -> usize {
-    (number as f64).log10().trunc() as usize + 1
+    number.to_string().len()
 }
 
 fn ask_group(groups: &[Rc<Group>]) -> Result<Option<Rc<Group>>> {

crates/pacdef/src/review/strategy.rs

@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use anyhow::Result;
 
-use crate::backend::Backend;
+use crate::{
-use crate::{Group, Package};
+    backend::{backend_trait::Backend, AnyBackend},
+    Group, Package,
+};
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct Strategy {
-    backend: Box<dyn Backend>,
+    backend: AnyBackend,
     delete: Vec<Package>,
     as_dependency: Vec<Package>,
     assign_group: Vec<(Package, Rc<Group>)>,
@@ -15,7 +17,7 @@ pub(super) struct Strategy {
 
 impl Strategy {
     pub(super) fn new(
-        backend: Box<dyn Backend>,
+        backend: AnyBackend,
         delete: Vec<Package>,
         as_dependency: Vec<Package>,
         assign_group: Vec<(Package, Rc<Group>)>,

crates/pacdef/src/search.rs

@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ fn print_triples(mut vec: Vec<(&Group, &Section, &Package)>) {
 }
 
 fn save_group_and_section_name(g0: &mut String, g: &Group, s0: &mut String, s: &Section) {
-    *g0 = g.name.clone();
+    g0.clone_from(&g.name);
-    *s0 = s.name.clone();
+    s0.clone_from(&s.name);
 }
 
 fn print_separator_unless_exhausted(

crates/pacdef_macros/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "pacdef_macros"
-description = "procedural macros for pacdef"
-version = "1.0.1"
-
-edition.workspace = true
-license.workspace = true
-repository.workspace = true
-readme.workspace = true
-keywords.workspace = true
-categories.workspace = true
-
-[dependencies]
-proc-macro2 = "1.0"
-quote = "1.0"
-syn = "2.0"
-
-[lib]
-proc-macro = true

crates/pacdef_macros/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-/*!
-Procedural macros for `pacdef`.
-*/
-
-#![warn(
-    clippy::as_conversions,
-    clippy::cognitive_complexity,
-    clippy::explicit_iter_loop,
-    clippy::explicit_into_iter_loop,
-    clippy::map_entry,
-    clippy::missing_errors_doc,
-    clippy::missing_panics_doc,
-    clippy::option_if_let_else,
-    clippy::redundant_pub_crate,
-    clippy::semicolon_if_nothing_returned,
-    clippy::unnecessary_wraps,
-    clippy::unused_self,
-    clippy::unwrap_used,
-    clippy::use_debug,
-    clippy::use_self,
-    clippy::wildcard_dependencies,
-    missing_docs
-)]
-
-mod register;
-
-use proc_macro::TokenStream;
-
-/// Derive (1) an iterator over the variants, (2) imports for the individual backends, and (3)
-/// instantiationn code for each backend.
-#[proc_macro_derive(Register)]
-pub fn register(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    register::register(input)
-}

crates/pacdef_macros/src/register.rs

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-use proc_macro::TokenStream;
-use quote::quote;
-use syn::{DeriveInput, __private::TokenStream2};
-
-pub fn register(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    let input = syn::parse::<DeriveInput>(input).expect("I don't know when this could fail");
-
-    let name = &input.ident;
-
-    let syn::Data::Enum(enum_data) = &input.data else {
-        panic!("`Register` can only be used on enums");
-    };
-
-    let first_variant = &enum_data.variants[0].ident;
-
-    let variant_matches_backend = generate_variant_backend(enum_data);
-    let variant_matches_next = generate_variant_matches_next(enum_data);
-    let variant_imports = generate_variant_imports(enum_data);
-
-    let expanded = compile_output(
-        name,
-        first_variant,
-        variant_matches_backend,
-        variant_matches_next,
-        variant_imports,
-    );
-
-    TokenStream::from(expanded)
-}
-
-fn compile_output<T, U, V>(
-    name: &syn::Ident,
-    first_variant: &syn::Ident,
-    variant_backend: T,
-    variant_next: U,
-    variant_imports: V,
-) -> TokenStream2
-where
-    T: Iterator<Item = TokenStream2>,
-    U: Iterator<Item = TokenStream2>,
-    V: Iterator<Item = TokenStream2>,
-{
-    let expanded = quote! {
-        #(#variant_imports)*
-
-        impl #name {
-            pub fn iter() -> BackendIter {
-                BackendIter {
-                    next: Some(Self::#first_variant),
-                }
-            }
-            fn get_backend(&self) -> Box<dyn Backend> {
-                match self {
-                    #(#variant_backend)*
-                }
-            }
-            fn next(&self) -> Option<Self> {
-                match self {
-                    #(#variant_next)*
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    };
-    expanded
-}
-
-fn generate_variant_imports(enum_data: &syn::DataEnum) -> impl Iterator<Item = TokenStream2> + '_ {
-    let variant_imports = enum_data.variants.iter().map(|variant| {
-        let variant_name = &variant.ident;
-
-        let variant_module = proc_macro2::Ident::new(
-            &variant_name.to_string().to_lowercase(),
-            proc_macro2::Span::call_site(),
-        );
-
-        quote! {
-            pub use actual::#variant_module::#variant_name;
-
-        }
-    });
-    variant_imports
-}
-
-fn generate_variant_matches_next(
-    enum_data: &syn::DataEnum,
-) -> impl Iterator<Item = TokenStream2> + '_ {
-    let variant_matches_next = enum_data.variants.iter().enumerate().map(|(i, variant)| {
-        let variant_name = &variant.ident;
-        if i == enum_data.variants.len() - 1 {
-            quote! {
-                Self::#variant_name => None,
-            }
-        } else {
-            let next_variant = &enum_data.variants[i + 1].ident;
-            quote! {
-                Self::#variant_name => Some(Self::#next_variant),
-            }
-        }
-    });
-    variant_matches_next
-}
-
-fn generate_variant_backend(enum_data: &syn::DataEnum) -> impl Iterator<Item = TokenStream2> + '_ {
-    let variant_matches_backend = enum_data.variants.iter().map(|variant| {
-        let variant_name = &variant.ident;
-        quote! {
-            Self::#variant_name => Box::new(#variant_name::new()),
-        }
-    });
-    variant_matches_backend
-}