569 lines
18 KiB
Python
Executable File
569 lines
18 KiB
Python
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/python
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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from __future__ import annotations
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from datetime import datetime
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from functools import cache
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from os import getuid
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from pathlib import Path
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from re import search
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from subprocess import PIPE, Popen, call, check_output
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from sys import exit
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from uuid import UUID
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import config
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EXIT_ERROR = 1
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ALREADY_DECRYPTED = "Cannot decrypt, already decrypted"
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ALREADY_IMPORTED = "Cannot import, already imported"
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CANNOT_FIND_BACKUP_DRIVE = "Could not find a backup drive"
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DELETE_IN_LOCAL_POOL = "ALERT! Tried to delete in local pool!"
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MAPPER_ENTRY_ALREADY_EXISTS = "mapper entry already exists"
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NOT_DECRYPTED = "Cannot encrypt, not decrypted"
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NOT_IMPORTED = "Cannot export, not imported"
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NOT_VALID_ZFS_PATH = "Not a valid ZFSPath"
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RUN_AS_ROOT = "Run as root."
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SAME_DATASET = "Cannot send incremental snapshots if start and end snapshot are not based on the same dataset"
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DISK_BY_UUID = Path("/dev/disk/by-uuid")
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MAPPER_PATH = Path("/dev/mapper")
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"""
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Erstes Backup muss für alle notwendigen Datasets durchgeführt werden mit
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# zfs send -Rv rpool/ROOT@zfs-auto-snap_daily-2018-06-14-1648 | zfs receive -dvF backup1
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"""
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def main():
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verify_running_as_root()
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local_pool = Pool(config.local_pool_to_backup)
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external_pool = ExternalPool.find_from_dict(config.backup_pools)
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manager = Manager(local_pool, external_pool)
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manager.backup()
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# TODO tests
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# TODO docstrings
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# TODO first backup
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# TODO --skip-decrypt
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# TODO --skip-import
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# TODO --skip-post-backup-scrub
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# TODO print time estimation while scrub is in progress
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class Manager:
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def __init__(self, local_pool: Pool, external_pool: ExternalPool):
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self._local_pool = local_pool
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self._external_pool = external_pool
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def backup(self):
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self._external_pool.import_()
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try:
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self._external_pool.scrub(skip_if_recently_scrubbed=True)
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self._backup_all_datasets()
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self._external_pool.clean_old_snapshots()
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self._external_pool.scrub(skip_if_recently_scrubbed=False)
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finally:
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self._external_pool.export()
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def _backup_all_datasets(self):
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print("Backing up datasets")
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for local_dataset in self._datasets_to_backup:
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remote_dataset = self._search_matching_dataset_in_remote_pool(
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local_dataset, self._external_pool
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)
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start_snapshot = self._get_last_common_snapshot(
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local_dataset, remote_dataset
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)
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end_snapshot = self._get_last_snapshot_with_backup_tag(local_dataset)
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stream = ZFS.send_incremental(start_snapshot, end_snapshot)
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ZFS.receive(stream, self._external_pool)
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def _get_last_snapshot_with_backup_tag(self, local_dataset):
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snapshots = self._find_snapshots_with_backup_tag(local_dataset)
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snapshots.sort()
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end_snapshot = snapshots[-1]
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return end_snapshot
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@property
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def _datasets_to_backup(self) -> list[Dataset]:
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return [
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dataset
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for dataset in self._local_pool.datasets
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if dataset.qualified_name not in config.do_not_backup
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]
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@staticmethod
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def _find_snapshots_with_backup_tag(dataset: Dataset) -> list[Snapshot]:
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regex = _get_regex_matching_snapshots_with_tags(
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[config.snapshot_tag, config.snapshot_interval]
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)
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return [
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snapshot for snapshot in dataset.snapshots if snapshot.matches_regex(regex)
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]
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@staticmethod
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def _search_matching_dataset_in_remote_pool(dataset: Dataset, pool: Pool):
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dataset_to_search = dataset.replace_pool(pool.name)
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for dataset in pool.datasets:
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if dataset == dataset_to_search:
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return dataset
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@classmethod
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def _get_last_common_snapshot(
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cls, local_dataset: Dataset, remote_dataset: Dataset
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) -> Snapshot:
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common_snapshots = [
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local_snap
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for local_snap in list(cls._find_snapshots_with_backup_tag(local_dataset))
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for remote_snap in list(cls._find_snapshots_with_backup_tag(remote_dataset))
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if local_snap.snapname == remote_snap.snapname
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]
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common_snapshots.sort()
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return common_snapshots[-1]
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def _get_regex_matching_snapshots_with_tags(tags: list[str]):
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return "@" + ".*".join(tags)
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class ZFSPath:
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def __init__(self, elements: list[str], snapname: str | None = None):
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self._elements = elements
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self._snapname = snapname
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self._is_snapshot = False
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if snapname:
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self._is_snapshot = True
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self._sanity_check()
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def __repr__(self):
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path = "/".join(self._elements)
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if self._is_snapshot:
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return "@".join([path, self._snapname])
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return path
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def __eq__(self, other: ZFSPath):
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return (
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self._elements == other._elements
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and self._is_snapshot == other._is_snapshot
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and self._snapname == other._snapname
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)
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@classmethod
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def from_string(cls, string: str) -> ZFSPath:
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snapname = None
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if "@" in string:
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string, snapname = string.split("@")
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elements: list[str] = string.split("/")
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return ZFSPath(elements, snapname)
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@property
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def snapname(self) -> str:
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return self._snapname
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@property
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def is_snapshot(self) -> bool:
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return self._is_snapshot
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@property
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def pool(self) -> str:
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return self._elements[0]
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@property
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def dataset(self) -> ZFSPath:
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return ZFSPath(self._elements)
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def replace_pool(self, pool: str) -> ZFSPath:
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return ZFSPath([pool] + self._elements[1:].copy(), self.snapname)
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@property
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def name_without_pool(self) -> str:
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name = "/".join(self._elements[1:])
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if self.is_snapshot:
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name = "@".join([name, self.snapname])
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return name
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def _sanity_check(self):
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for item in self._elements:
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if len(item) == 0:
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raise ValueError(NOT_VALID_ZFS_PATH)
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class ZFS:
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@staticmethod
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def get_datasets(name: str) -> list[Dataset]:
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datasets_str = Command.get_output(
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[
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config.ZFS,
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"list",
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"-H",
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"-d",
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"1",
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"-o",
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"name",
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"-t",
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"filesystem",
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name,
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]
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)
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# we omit the first return value, which is the pool, not the dataset
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datasets_list = datasets_str.split("\n")[1:]
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return [Dataset(ZFSPath.from_string(d)) for d in datasets_list]
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@staticmethod
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def import_pool_from_directory(name: str, directory: Path) -> None:
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# -N: no mount
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# -d: directory to search the pool in
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Command.run([config.ZPOOL, "import", "-N", "-d", directory, name])
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@staticmethod
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def export_pool(name: str) -> None:
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Command.run([config.ZPOOL, "export", name])
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@staticmethod
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def get_snapshots(name: str) -> list[Snapshot]:
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return [
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Snapshot(ZFSPath.from_string(name))
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for name in Command.get_output(
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[
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config.ZFS,
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"list",
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"-r",
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"-t",
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"snapshot",
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"-o",
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"name",
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"-H",
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"-d",
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"1",
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name,
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]
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).split()
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]
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@staticmethod
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def destroy_snapshot(snapshot: Snapshot, *, recursive=False):
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if not isinstance(snapshot, Snapshot):
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raise TypeError("Can only destroy snapshots.")
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if config.local_pool_to_backup == snapshot.pool:
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raise Exception(DELETE_IN_LOCAL_POOL)
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cmdline = [config.ZFS, "destroy"]
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if recursive:
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cmdline.append("-r")
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cmdline.append(str(snapshot))
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Command.run(cmdline)
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@staticmethod
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def send_incremental(old_snap: Snapshot, new_snap: Snapshot) -> Popen[str]:
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if old_snap.dataset != new_snap.dataset:
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raise ValueError(SAME_DATASET)
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if old_snap == new_snap:
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raise ValueError("Cannot send stream, snapshots are identical.")
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print(f" {old_snap} -> {new_snap}")
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stream = Popen(
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[config.ZFS, "send", "-R", "-I", str(old_snap), str(new_snap)], stdout=PIPE
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)
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return stream
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@staticmethod
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def receive(stream: Popen[str], pool: Pool):
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# -d Discard the first element of the sent snapshot's file system name
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# -F Force a rollback of the file system to the most recent snapshot before performing the receive operation.
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# -u File system that is associated with the received stream is not mounted.
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if not isinstance(pool, Pool):
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raise TypeError("Can only receive into pools.")
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Command.receive_from_stream(
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[config.ZFS, "receive", "-d", "-F", "-u", pool.name],
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stream,
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)
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@classmethod
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def scrub(
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cls,
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pool: Pool,
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*,
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skip_if_recently_scrubbed: bool,
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wait_for_finish: bool = True,
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) -> None:
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if not isinstance(pool, Pool):
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raise TypeError("Can only scrub pools.")
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cls._scrub_if_necessary(pool, skip_if_recently_scrubbed)
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if wait_for_finish:
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Command.run([config.ZPOOL, "wait", "-t", "scrub", pool.name])
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if not cls._healthy(pool):
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raise IOError(f"Pool {pool.name} is not healthy.")
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@classmethod
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def _scrub_if_necessary(cls, pool: Pool, skip_if_recently_scrubbed: bool) -> None:
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if cls._scrub_in_progress(pool):
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return
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if not skip_if_recently_scrubbed:
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Command.run([config.ZPOOL, "scrub", pool.name])
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else:
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if not cls._recently_scrubbed(pool):
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Command.run([config.ZPOOL, "scrub", pool.name])
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@classmethod
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def _recently_scrubbed(cls, pool):
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return datetime.now() - cls._last_scrub(pool) < config.recent_scrub_timedelta
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@classmethod
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def _scrub_in_progress(cls, pool: Pool) -> bool:
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return "scrub in progress" in cls._get_pool_status_output(pool)
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@classmethod
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def _healthy(cls, pool: Pool) -> bool:
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return "ONLINE" in cls._get_pool_status_output(pool)
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@staticmethod
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def _get_pool_status_output(pool) -> str:
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return Command.get_output([config.ZFS, "status", pool.name])
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@classmethod
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def _last_scrub(cls, pool: Pool) -> datetime:
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return Time.get_last_scrub_from_status_output(cls._get_pool_status_output(pool))
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class Time:
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@staticmethod
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def _get_date_format() -> str:
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"""date format as used by zpool status
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%a: day of week, short version
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%b: month, short version
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%e: day of month, space-padded
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%H, %M, %S: hour, minute, second, zero-padded
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%Y: year
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"""
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return "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y"
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@classmethod
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def _extract_datetime_segment(cls, line_with_datetime: str) -> str:
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return line_with_datetime.split(" errors on ")[-1]
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@classmethod
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def _get_line_with_datetime_from_status_output(cls, output: str) -> str:
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lines = output.split("\n")
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for line in lines:
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if line.startswith(" scan: scrub repaired"):
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return line.strip()
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else:
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raise ValueError("Could not find the correct line")
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@classmethod
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def get_last_scrub_from_status_output(cls, output: str) -> datetime:
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line_with_datetime = cls._get_line_with_datetime_from_status_output(output)
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date_str = cls._extract_datetime_segment(line_with_datetime)
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return datetime.strptime(date_str, cls._get_date_format())
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class Disk:
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def __init__(self, uuid: UUID, name: str):
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self.uuid = uuid
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self._decrypted = False
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self._name = name
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def decrypt(self) -> None:
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if self._decrypted:
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raise ValueError(ALREADY_DECRYPTED, self._name)
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self._verify_mapper_entry_not_in_use()
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self._decrypt_with_cryptsetup()
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self._decrypted = True
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def _decrypt_with_cryptsetup(self):
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Command.run([config.CRYPTSETUP, "open", self._path, self._mapper_entry])
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def _verify_mapper_entry_not_in_use(self):
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for item in MAPPER_PATH.iterdir():
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if self._mapper_entry == item.name:
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print(MAPPER_ENTRY_ALREADY_EXISTS, self._mapper_entry)
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exit(EXIT_ERROR)
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@property
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def _path(self) -> Path:
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return DISK_BY_UUID / str(self.uuid)
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@property
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def _mapper_entry(self) -> str:
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return f"crypt-{self._name}"
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def encrypt(self):
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if not self._decrypted:
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raise ValueError(NOT_DECRYPTED, self._name)
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Command.run([config.CRYPTSETUP, "close", self._mapper_entry])
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self._decrypted = False
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class Pool:
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def __init__(self, name: str):
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self._name = name
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self._path: ZFSPath = ZFSPath.from_string(name)
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@property
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@cache
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def datasets(self) -> list[Dataset]:
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return ZFS.get_datasets(self._name)
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@property
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def name(self) -> str:
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return self._name
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class ExternalPool(Pool):
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def __init__(self, name: str, disk: Disk):
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super().__init__(name)
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self._imported: bool = False
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self._disk = disk
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def import_(self) -> None:
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if self._imported:
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raise ValueError(ALREADY_IMPORTED, self.name)
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self._disk.decrypt()
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ZFS.import_pool_from_directory(self._name, MAPPER_PATH)
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self._imported = True
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def export(self) -> None:
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if not self._imported:
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raise ValueError(NOT_IMPORTED, self.name)
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self._export_pool()
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self._disk.encrypt()
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self._imported = False
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print(f"Exported {self.name}. Disk {self._disk.uuid} can be removed.")
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def _export_pool(self) -> None:
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# TODO cancel scrub if necessary
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ZFS.export_pool(self._name)
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def scrub(self, skip_if_recently_scrubbed: bool) -> None:
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print(f"Scrubbing {self._name}")
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ZFS.scrub(self, skip_if_recently_scrubbed=skip_if_recently_scrubbed)
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@classmethod
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def find_from_dict(cls, backup_pools: dict[str, UUID]) -> ExternalPool:
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present_uuids = [item.name for item in DISK_BY_UUID.iterdir()]
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for pool_name, disk_uuid in backup_pools.items():
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if str(disk_uuid) in present_uuids:
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disk = Disk(disk_uuid, pool_name)
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print(f"Found disk {pool_name}, {disk_uuid}")
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return cls(pool_name, disk)
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else:
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print(CANNOT_FIND_BACKUP_DRIVE)
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exit(EXIT_ERROR)
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def clean_old_snapshots(self):
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print("Cleaning old snapshots")
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for dataset in self.datasets:
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dataset.clean_old_snapshots()
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|
|
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class Dataset:
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def __init__(self, zfs_path: ZFSPath):
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self._path = zfs_path
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def __repr__(self):
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return self.qualified_name
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def __eq__(self, other: Dataset):
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return self._path == other._path
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@classmethod
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def from_string(cls, qualified_name: str) -> Dataset:
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return cls(ZFSPath.from_string(qualified_name))
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@property
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def qualified_name(self) -> str:
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return str(self._path)
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@property
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def name_without_pool(self) -> str:
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return self._path.name_without_pool
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@property
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def snapshots(self) -> list[Snapshot]:
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"""get qualified snapshot names that are direct children of the dataset"""
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return ZFS.get_snapshots(self.qualified_name)
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def replace_pool(self, name: str) -> Dataset:
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return Dataset(self._path.replace_pool(name))
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def clean_old_snapshots(self):
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for interval, number in config.keep_snapshots_per_interval.keys():
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self._clean_old_snapshots_for_interval(interval, number)
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|
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def _clean_old_snapshots_for_interval(self, interval: str, max_count: int):
|
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regex = _get_regex_matching_snapshots_with_tags([config.snapshot_tag, interval])
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snapshots = [
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snapshot for snapshot in self.snapshots if snapshot.matches_regex(regex)
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]
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old_snapshots = self._get_n_oldest_snapshots(snapshots, max_count)
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for snapshot in old_snapshots:
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snapshot.destroy()
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@staticmethod
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def _get_n_oldest_snapshots(
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snapshots: list[Snapshot], count: int
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) -> list[Snapshot]:
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snapshots.sort()
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return snapshots[:count]
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|
|
|
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class Snapshot:
|
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def __init__(self, path: ZFSPath):
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self._path = path
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|
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@classmethod
|
|
def from_string(cls, qualified_name: str) -> Snapshot:
|
|
return cls(ZFSPath.from_string(qualified_name))
|
|
|
|
def __lt__(self, other: Snapshot) -> bool:
|
|
return self.snapname < other.snapname
|
|
|
|
def __repr__(self):
|
|
return str(self._path)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def snapname(self) -> str:
|
|
return self._path.snapname
|
|
|
|
def matches_regex(self, regex: str) -> bool:
|
|
return bool(search(regex, str(self._path)))
|
|
|
|
def destroy(self):
|
|
ZFS.destroy_snapshot(self)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def pool(self) -> str:
|
|
return self._path.pool
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def dataset(self) -> Dataset:
|
|
return Dataset(self._path.dataset)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Command:
|
|
@staticmethod
|
|
def run(cmdline: list[str]) -> None:
|
|
call(cmdline)
|
|
|
|
@staticmethod
|
|
def get_output(cmdline: str | list[str]) -> str:
|
|
if isinstance(cmdline, str):
|
|
cmdline = [cmdline]
|
|
return check_output(cmdline).strip().decode()
|
|
|
|
@staticmethod
|
|
def receive_from_stream(cmdline: str | list[str], stream: Popen) -> None:
|
|
check_output(cmdline, stdin=stream.stdout)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def verify_running_as_root():
|
|
if getuid() > 0:
|
|
print(RUN_AS_ROOT)
|
|
exit(EXIT_ERROR)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
main()
|